Learn English
Adverb
Phonetics:
ædvɜːb
Pronunciation:
Mastering Adverbs Your Ultimate Guide to Understanding and Using Adverbs
Comprehensive Definition, Description, Examples & Rules
Each concept in grammar requires attention and practice. While learning English, many need constant clarification about what is an adverb and how to use them in communication. You might even be googling “define adverb” frequently. To empower your learning of adverbs, Edulyte’s English language trainers have prepared an easy-to-understand guide about adverbs. It includes their meanings and types, thorough explanations, and a free worksheet.
Benefit from Edulyte’s resources by signing up for free!
What Is An Adverb: adverb meaning, adverb examples
Adverbs are words that modify verbs, adjectives or even other adverbs used in a sentence. They answer questions like when? where? how? how much? how often?
Examples of adverbs –
- Jane frequently eats ice cream.
- He briefly spoke with us before leaving for the airport.
- We should work extremely hard to get the desired results.
Importance of adverbs in writing and communication
Adverbs play a crucial role in writing and communication. Adverbs provide essential information about how an action is performed. They can add depth and complexity to a sentence. Example of how to add an adverb in a sentence:
- “She walked to the store.”
- Add the adverb ‘briskly’ to the sentence.
- “She briskly walked to the store.”
By adding an adverb, the sentence becomes more descriptive. In addition, it gives the reader a clearer image of how she walked.
Adverbs convey tone and attitude in communication. Using different adverbs can change the meaning of a sentence entirely. For example, in the sentence”I really love this book”, the word ‘really’ shows the intensity of emotion associated with the book.
Types of adverbs
There are many types of adverbs depending on their functions in sentence formation. These include:
- Adverbs of manner: these adverbs describe how an action gets done. Examples: quickly, slowly, carefully, and loudly.
- Adverbs of time: these adverbs describe when an action takes place- examples: yesterday, tomorrow, now, and soon.
- Adverbs of place: these adverbs describe where an action takes place- examples: here, there, nearby, and far away.
- Adverbs of degree: These adverbs describe the intensity or extent of an action or adjective. Examples include very, extremely, quite, and hardly.
- Adverbs of frequency: they describe how often an action takes place. Examples include always, never, often, and occasionally.
- Interrogative adverbs: these are used to ask questions about time, place, reason, or manner. Examples include when, where, why, and how.
Adverbs of Manner: definition, examples, placement in sentences
The Adverb of Manner shows the manner or process of action. These include carefully, thankfully, quickly, resentfully, nicely, equally etc.
Examples of these adverbs in sentences:
- She sang beautifully.
- He ran quickly.
- They ate hungrily.
In these examples, “beautifully” modifies the verb “sang” by indicating that the singing was done beautifully. “Quickly” modifies the verb “ran” by showing that the running was done at a fast pace. Finally, “Hungrily” modifies the verb “ate” by indicating that the eating was done with a strong desire for food.
Placement of adverbs of manner in a sentence
The placement of adverbs of manner can vary, depending on the intended effect.
- At the beginning of the sentence: it is done to emphasise how an action is done. For example, “Gracefully, she danced across the stage.” Here, the adverb “gracefully” is placed at the beginning of the sentence to emphasise the graceful nature of the dance.
- In the middle of a sentence: to provide additional detail about the verb. For example, “He reads the book slowly.” Here, the adverb “slowly” is placed in the middle of the sentence to describe how the book was read.
- At the end of a sentence: for a more subtle effect. For example, “The child skipped down the path happily.” The adverb “happily” is placed at the sentence’s end, indicating happiness.
Commonly Confused Adverbs of Manner
Adverbs of manner can be tricky, and some are commonly confused with other words or even adverbs due to their similar spellings or meanings. These include:
- fairly/rather
Fairly is used with favourable adjectives and adverbs, while rather is used before unfavourable adjectives and adverbs.
For Example:
- a) Tony Stark is fairly clever, but Hulk is rather
- b) John walks fairly fast, but his sister walks rather
- quickly and quick
Quick is an adjective, whereas quickly is an adverb.
For example:
- Let us have a quick chat before the meeting.
- You should finish your work as quickly as possible.
good/ well
While “good” is an adjective, “well” is an adverb. “Good” refers to the quality of something, while “well” refers to how something is done.
For example:
- a) She is a good student
- b) She speaks French well.
Adverbs of Time
Adverbs are also employed to talk about the time of action. But, again, they can be for a specific time or a general period.
Examples:
- The package hasn’t arrived yet.
- Recently, I changed my school.
- Let us meet soon!
In these examples, the adverb modifies the verb by providing information about when the action occurred. “Yet” modifies the verb “arrived”, “recently”, modifies the verb “changed”, and “soon” modifies the verb “meet”.
How do adverbs of time modify verbs?
Adverbs of time affect the verbs to answer the question “when”. However, they do it in different ways.
Adverbs in example sentences:
- We go to the ice rink to skate often.
- The office meetings are held weekly to discuss the team’s progress.
- Let us watch this movie later.
In the examples above, “often” modifies the verb go, “weekly” gives more information about the verb held, and the adverb “later” tells us when the movie will be watched.
Placement of adverbs of time in sentences
Adverbs of time get placed in a sentence depending on the adverb and the context of the sentence.
- Adverbs of definite time (such as yesterday, today, or tomorrow) usually come at the beginning or end of a sentence.
For example:
- Yesterday, I went to the park.
- We will prepare the report today.
- Adverbs of indefinite time (such as now, later, soon) usually come between the subject and the verb in the middle of a sentence.
For example:
- She is now studying for her exams.
- They will leave soon to catch their flight.
- Adverbs of frequency (such as always, never, frequently, occasionally) usually come before the main verb or after the verb “to be.”
For example:
- She always arrives on time.
- They are occasionally late for their meetings.
Commonly Confused Adverbs of Time
Several adverbs of time in English are commonly confused because they sound similar or have similar meanings. Here are some examples:
awhile/ while
“Awhile” as an adverb that indicates “for a short period.” “A while” is a noun phrase that means “a period.” Confusion often arises because “a while” can be used as an object of a preposition, making it look like an adverb.
For example:
- It is up to you to wait awhile for the soup to cool down. (adverb)
- Can you wait for a while while I look for the file? (noun phrase)
already/ all ready
“Already” means “before now,” while “all ready” means “completely prepared.”
For example:
- I have already finished my homework. (adverb)
- We are all ready to go to the park. (adjective phrase)
everyday/ every day
“Everyday” means “ordinary” or “commonplace.” It is an adjective. “Every day” is an adverb phrase that means “each day.”
For example:
- I wear everyday clothes to work. (adjective)
- I go to the gym every day. (adverb phrase)
- later/ latter”
“Later” is an adverb that means “afterwards,” while “latter” is an adjective that refers to the second of two things previously mentioned.
For example:
- I will see you later. (adverb)
- I prefer the latter option. (adjective)
Adverbs of Place
The adverbs that signify the place where an action occurs are classified as adverbs of place.
Examples:
- I can’t find the file anywhere.
- The can was left outside the shed.
- Place the mat here.
How adverbs of place modify verbs
The adverbs of place can modify verbs in the following ways:
- By describing the location of an action, adverbs of place can provide information about where an action is taking place.
For example:
- She is standing outside the house.
- He is sitting upstairs in his room.
- By describing the direction of an action, adverbs of place can also provide information about the direction of an action.
For example:
- The bird flew up into the sky.
- The fish swam downstream.
- Adverbs of place can also describe how an action is moving by describing the movement of an action.
For example:
- The ball rolled down the hill.
- The car drove around the corner.
Placement of adverbs of place in sentences
Some rules for placing adverbs of place in a sentence:
- Adverbs of place that describe the location of an action come after the verb but before any objects of the verb.
For example:
- He put the book down on the table.
- The cat is sitting under the chair.
- Adverbs of place that describe the direction or movement of an action come before or after the verb.
For example:
- The share prices went down after the finance minister’s announcements.
- Slowly, she walked up the road.
- Adverbs of place come at the beginning or end of a sentence for emphasis.
For example:
- Here, take this umbrella.
- I can’t find my keys anywhere.
Commonly Confused Adverbs of Place
Some adverbs of place confused with other words include:
- in/ inside
“In” refers to a location inside something, while “inside” is an adverb describing the location of an action.
For example:
- The book is in the box. (inside the box)
- She went inside the house. (describing the location of the action)
above/ over
“Above” refers to a location higher than something else, while “over” refers to a location covering or on top of something else. For example:
- The bird is flying above the trees.” (higher than the trees)
- The blanket is over the bed. (covering the bed)
Adverbs of Frequency
Adverbs of time (frequency) depict the time/ frequency of the action in that particular sentence. These include- always, frequently, eventually, occasionally, once, seldom, never, often etc.
For examples:
- We visit the park quite often for a morning walk.
- Johnson goes to the nearby gym frequently.
- We bake bread at home occasionally.
Placement of adverbs of frequency in sentences
The placement of adverbs of frequency in a sentence can vary depending on the type of adverb being used and the intended emphasis. Here are some general rules to follow:
- Adverbs of frequency are found before the main verb.
For example:
- I always eat breakfast.
- She rarely drinks coffee.
When there is an auxiliary verb, the adverb of frequency comes after the auxiliary verb.
For example:
- He has always loved reading.
- They are never late for appointments.
If the main verb is “to be,” the adverb of frequency comes after the verb.
For example:
- She is often tired after work.
- He was never good at maths.
Commonly confused adverbs of frequency
Several adverbs of frequency are commonly confused because they sound similar or have similar meanings. Here are some examples:
often/ frequently
“Often” and “frequently” have similar meanings, but “often” is used more commonly in everyday conversation.
For example:
- I often go for a walk in the park.
- She frequently visits her grandparents.
always/ all the time
“Always” and “all the time” are often used interchangeably, but “always” is more commonly used in formal writing.
For example:
- He always does his homework.
- She studies all the time.
rarely/ seldom
“Rarely” and “seldom” have similar meanings, i.e. on few occasions or almost never. Rarely is more commonly used in everyday conversation, while seldom is used in formal situations.
For example:
- He rarely goes to the gym.
- She seldom eats junk food.
Adverbs of Degree
Adverbs of degree show the importance, degree or level of action performed in the sentence. They include: completely, nearly, hardly, thoroughly, somewhat, entirely etc.
For Example:
- I have thoroughly enjoyed the movie.
- She hardly calls her family members.
- The weather is entirely different from what we expected.
How do adverbs of degree modify adjectives and other adverbs?
These adverbs provide more detail and clarity to a sentence. Common adverbs of degree include very, extremely, quite, too, almost, and just.
Here are some examples of how adverbs of degree can modify adjectives and other adverbs:
- She is very happy.
- He is extremely talented.
- The weather is too hot.
- She almost missed her flight.
Placement of adverbs of degree in sentences
Adverbs of degree can be placed in different positions in a sentence depending on the intended emphasis and the type of adverb.
- Adverbs of degree can come before the adjective or adverb they are modifying.
For example:
- She is very happy.
- He works extremely hard.
- Adverbs of degree can also come after the adjective or adverb they modify.
For example:
- The movie was too long.
Some adverbs of degree, such as “just” and “almost,” can be placed before or after the verb.
For example:
- She just finished her book.
Commonly confused adverbs of degree
Several adverbs of degree are commonly confused because they sound similar or have similar meanings. Here are some examples:
very/ really
“Very” and “really” are both used to intensify adjectives and other adverbs, but “really” is more informal and often used in spoken English.
For example:
- She is very happy. (formal)
- She is really happy. (informal)
almost/ nearly
“Almost” and “nearly” have similar meanings, but “almost” is more commonly used in everyday conversation.
For example:
- She almost missed her flight.
- He nearly forgot his keys.
too/ so
“Too” and “so” are both used to intensify adjectives and other adverbs, but “too” indicates that something is excessive or unwanted, while “so” means that something is desirable or positive.
For example:
- The music is too loud. (excessive)
- The music is so good. (desirable)
- farther/ further
These two adverbs are often used interchangeably but have slightly different meanings. “Farther” refers to physical distance, while “further” refers to degree or extent.
For example
- She ran farther than he did.
- I need to further my education.
Interrogative Adverbs
These adverbs are used to ask questions. They are words such as “how,” “when,” “where,” “why,” and “whether.”
Here are some examples of interrogative adverbs used in sentences:
- How did you do on your exam?
- When is your birthday?
- Where is the nearest coffee shop?
- Why did you leave the party early?
- Whether he comes or not, we will still have fun.
How interrogative adverbs modify verbs, adjectives, and other adverbs?
Interrogative adverbs modify verbs, adjectives, and other adverbs by asking questions about them. They provide information about the manner, place, time, or reason for the action or state being asked about.
Here are some examples of interrogative adverbs modifying different parts of speech:
- “How” modifies verbs: How did you get here?
- “When” modifies adjectives: When is the best time to visit?
- “Where” modifies adverbs: Where have you been hiding?
- “Why” modifies prepositions: Why did you go to the store?
Placement of interrogative adverbs in sentences
Interrogative adverbs can be placed at the beginning or middle of a sentence.
When used at the beginning of a sentence, they are followed by a subject and a verb. They are placed after the verb in the middle of a sentence.
Here are some examples of different placements of interrogative adverbs:
- At the beginning: Why did you come to the party?
- In the middle: He wondered when the concert would start.
Commonly confused interrogative adverbs
There can be confusion regarding interrogative adverbs, particularly “where” and “when.”
For example:
- “Where” refers to a place: Where is the train station?
- “When” refers to a time: When does the movie start?
Usage of Adverbs in a sentence
To identify an adverb in a sentence, look for a word that modifies or describes a verb, adjective, or other adverb. Adverbs also indicate time, frequency, manner, place, or degree. Many adverbs end in -ly, but not all words that end in -ly are adverbs.
Adverb placement in sentences
Adverbs can be placed in different positions within a sentence depending on what they are modifying. Adverbs that modify a verb get placed before or after the verb. Adverbs that modify an adjective or another adverb get placed before the word they are modifying. Adverbs that indicate time or frequency get placed at the beginning or end of a sentence.
Common adverbial suffixes
Some common adverbial suffixes include -ly, -ward, -wise, -ways, and -long.
For example, “quickly,” “backward,” “otherwise,” “sideways,” and “all along” are all adverbs. However, not all words that end in these suffixes are adverbs.
Common Misconceptions about Adverbs
- One common misconception is that adverbs always end in -ly. While many adverbs do end in -ly, many adverbs do not.
- Some believe using adverbs weakens writing, but this is not necessarily true. But adverbs, when effectively used, can add descriptive details to sentences.
Importance of using adverbs to add descriptive detail to sentences
- Adverbs can add depth and description to writing. They offer details about how, when, where, why, and to what degree an action takes place.
- Adverbs can also help vary sentence structure and create a more engaging writing style.
How to use adverbs effectively in writing?
- To use adverbs effectively in writing, consider the context and purpose of the sentence.
- Choose specific and descriptive adverbs, and avoid using too many in a single sentence.
- Use adverbs to vary sentence structure and create a more engaging writing style.
- Proofread carefully to ensure that adverbs are used correctly and enhance the sentence’s meaning.
What are -ly words
Many adverbs are formed by adding the suffix ‘-ly’ to an adjective. Such a practice changes the adjective into an adverb, which describes or modifies a verb, adjective, or other adverb. The ‘-ly’ suffix is one of the most common ways to form adverbs in English, although not all adverbs end in ‘-ly.’
Importance of ‘-ly’ adverbs in enhancing writing and communication
- Using ‘-ly’ adverbs can improve writing and communication by adding descriptive details to sentences. They convey the meaning of the sentence in a better manner.
- They can provide information about how, when, where, and to what degree an action takes place.
- Adverbs can help vary sentence structure and create a more engaging writing style.
However, using too many adverbs in a sentence can make it feel cluttered and difficult to read. Additionally, not all adverbs end in ‘-ly,’ so it’s vital to use a variety of adverbs to add descriptive detail to writing.
Types of ‘-ly’ adverbs
The ‘-ly’ adverbs are used differently depending on the context.
- As adverbs of manner: these adverbs describe how something is done or an action is performed. For example, “quickly,” “carefully,” and “loudly” are all adverbs of manner.
- As adverbs of time: these adverbs describe when something is done or when an action occurs. For example, “yesterday,” “now,” and “soon” are all adverbs of time.
- As adverbs of frequency: these adverbs describe how often something is done. For example, “always,” “never,” and “sometimes” are all adverbs of frequency.
- As adverbs of degree: these adverbs describe the level or extent of an action or quality. For example, “very,” “extremely,” and “moderately” are all adverbs of degree.
Usage of ‘-ly’ adverbs
‘-ly’ adverbs modify verbs, adjectives, and other adverbs to provide additional information about the described action or quality.
Placement of ‘-ly’ adverbs in sentences
Generally, ‘-ly’ adverbs are placed immediately before or after modifying the word.
For example:
- She spoke softly.
- He ran quickly.
- The dog barked loudly.
Proper usage of ‘-ly’ adverbs to avoid ambiguity
It’s essential to use ‘-ly’ adverbs properly to avoid ambiguity and confusion.
For example:
- I almost ate the whole pizza.
- I ate almost the whole pizza.
“Almost” have different meanings, so placing the adverb “almost” in these sentences is essential.
Common mistakes to avoid when using ‘-ly’ adverbs
One common mistake is using too many ‘-ly’ adverbs in a sentence, making it feel cluttered and difficult to read. It’s also important to use the correct form of the adverb (e.g., “good” becomes “well” as an adverb).
Examples of ‘-ly’ adverbs, sample sentences and their importance
Some of the frequently used ‘-ly’ adverbs include: quickly, softly, slowly, gently, loudly, happily, anxiously, carefully, diligently
Sample sentences with various types of ‘-ly’ adverbs
- Adverb of manner: She dances gracefully.
- Adverb of time: We arrived early.
- Adverb of frequency: He always forgets his keys.
- Adverb of degree: She was extremely happy.
‘-ly’ adverbs can add precision and clarity to a sentence by providing more specific information about the described action or quality. They can also make the sentence more engaging and descriptive by adding nuance and variety to the writing
Degree of Comparison in Adverbs
Adverbs can be compared to show differences in degree or intensity, just like adjectives. The three forms of comparison in adverbs are:
- the positive form,
- the comparative form, and
- the superlative form.
Forms of Comparison in Adverbs
Positive form: It is the basic form of the adverb, which does not show comparison. For example, “quickly” is the positive form of the adverb.
Comparative form: It is used to compare two things or actions. For example, “more quickly” is the comparative form of the adverb “quickly.”
Superlative form: It compares three or more things or actions. For example, “most quickly” is the superlative form of the adverb “quickly.”
Comparative and Superlative Adverbs
The rules for forming comparative and superlative adverbs are similar to those for forming comparative and superlative adjectives.
To form the comparative form of a short adverb (one syllable), add “-er” to the end of the adverb. For example, “quickly” becomes “quicker.”
Add “-est” to the end of the adverb to form the superlative form of a short adverb. For example, “quickly” becomes “quickest.”
You can form the comparative and superlative forms of long adverbs (two or more syllables), use “more” and “most” before the adverb. For example, “carefully” becomes “more carefully” in the comparative form and “most carefully” in the superlative form.
Comparison of short and long adverbs
Short adverbs usually form their comparative and superlative forms by adding “-er” and “-est,” while long adverbs form their comparative and superlative forms with “more” and “most.” However, there are some exceptions, and some short adverbs require “more” and “most” to form the comparative and superlative forms. Examples of such short adverbs include “early,” “late,” “hard,” and “fast.”
Using Comparatives and Superlatives in Sentences
Comparatives and superlatives are used to compare and contrast the degree or intensity of two or more things. In addition, they can be used to add emphasis and detail to sentences.
Proper placement of comparatives and superlatives in sentences
Comparatives are used to compare two things, usually followed by “than.”
For example:
- She plays football more often than him.
- The teacher read the story more slowly the first time.
Superlatives are used to compare three or more things, so they are usually followed by “in” or “of.”
For example:
- She ran the fastest in her class.
- Of all the days, your driving was the worst today!
How to use comparatives and superlatives?
Comparatives and superlatives can be used to add emphasis and detail to sentences. They can be used to describe the degree or intensity of something or to make comparisons between things.
For example:
- She began to speak more quickly.
- My feet hurt badly, but my knees hurt the worst.
Using comparatives and superlatives, you can add depth and detail to your writing, making your sentences more interesting and engaging.
Transform Your English Skills
Free sign-up for a personalised dashboard, learning tools, and unlimited possibilities!
Sign up Now
Key Takeaways
- Adverbs are words that modify verbs, adjectives, or other adverbs in a sentence.
- Adverbs provide information on how, when, where, and to what extent an action is done.
- Adverbs are usually formed by adding the suffix “-ly” to an adjective.
- Adverbs can be compared using comparative and superlative forms to show differences in degree or intensity.
- Adverbs can be used to add descriptive detail and emphasis to a sentence, but it’s important to use them correctly to avoid ambiguity or confusion.
Quiz
Question comes here
Frequently Asked Questions
Adverbs can be placed in different positions in a sentence, depending on the type of adverb and the emphasis you want to give. Generally, adverbs of manner get placed after the verb, adverbs of frequency get placed before the main verb, and adverbs of time and place can be found either at the beginning or end of a sentence. Adverbs can also be placed mid-sentence for emphasis. It’s crucial to place adverbs in a way that makes the sentence’s meaning clear and understandable.
No, adverbs cannot modify nouns. Adverbs modify verbs, adjectives, and other adverbs. Adjectives or noun phrases modify nouns. Adverbs are used to modify the action of a verb, the intensity or degree of an adjective or another adverb, or to provide more information about when, where or how an action occurs. While adverbs and adjectives are similar in some ways, they have different functions and cannot be used interchangeably.
One common mistake to avoid when using adverbs is overusing them, which can make the writing sound cluttered and awkward. It’s also important to avoid using adverbs that do not add value to the sentence or repeat information already given.
Another mistake is using adverbs that are inappropriate for the verb. They modify or contradict the meaning of the verb. Additionally, using adverbs in the wrong order can change the sentence’s meaning or create ambiguity. Finally, it’s important to avoid using adverbs as a crutch for weak verbs or adjectives and instead choose more powerful and precise words.
Adverbs can be formed in different ways depending on their base form.
At times, adverbs of manner are made by adding “-ly” to the base form of an adjective. For example, “quick” becomes “quickly”, and “happy” becomes “happily”.
Adverbs of time and frequency are often formed from prepositions or adverbial phrases, such as “yesterday”, “often”, and “rarely”. Some adverbs like “fast” and “hard” have the same form as their base adjectives. Other adverbs, such as “now” and “here”, do not have any specific base form. You can add suffixes to form adverbs. Such suffixes include: “-ward” and “-wise”.
Adverbs modify verbs, adjectives, and other adverbs in a sentence to provide more information about time, place, manner, frequency, or degree. Depending on the intended meaning and the specific adverb, they can be placed before or after the word they modify. It’s essential to choose the correct adverb for the context and avoid overusing them. Proper use of adverbs can enhance a sentence’s clarity and descriptive detail.
An adverb phrase is a group of words that behaves as an adverb in a sentence. An example of an adverb phrase is “with great enthusiasm”. In this phrase, “with” is a preposition and “great enthusiasm” is a noun phrase, and together they function as an adverb to modify the verb in the sentence. Other examples of adverb phrases include “in a hurry”, “at the park”, and “after the show ended”. Adverb phrases can provide more detailed information about how, when, or where an action took place in a sentence.
It’s essential to start defining adverbs and how they function in sentences. Next, you can provide examples of different types of adverbs, such as adverbs of time, place, manner, frequency, and degree. Next, you can provide exercises or activities that allow students to practice identifying and using adverbs in sentences. It can include sentence completion exercises and creative writing prompts requiring adverbs. It’s essential to provide feedback and corrections to help students improve their use of adverbs. Additionally, you can incorporate adverb games or songs to make learning fun and engaging.
Our tutor onboarding steps empower you to start teaching without any hassles.
Tutor Onboarding Steps
- Sign up as a tutor
- Fill in the required fields and get your email and contact number verified.
- Complete your profile. Place your social media links.
- Add details regarding your skills, your availability, and your preference regarding teaching methods.
- Upload your updated resume and necessary documents.
- We will verify all your details and decide whether we want to have a video meeting with you.
- Complete your tutor profile. Upload a professional photograph of yourself. Mention what sets you apart from the other tutors, why you are passionate about teaching and what the students will take from your classes.
- Choose your timings and days of availability on Edulyte.
- Decide on your charges and the subjects you wish to tutor on our platform.
- Our team will publish your profile and share all the relevant links.
An adverb modifies or describes a verb, adjective, or another adverb. Some examples of adverbs include:
- She sings beautifully. (“beautifully” modifies the verb “sings”)
- He ran quickly to catch the bus. (“quickly” modifies the verb “ran”)
- The soup is extremely hot. (“extremely” modifies the adjective “hot”)
- She speaks English fluently. (“fluently” modifies the verb “speaks”)
- They arrived late to the party. (“late” modifies the verb “arrived”)
